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In meiosis, the accurate segregation of maternal and paternal chromosomes is accomplished by homologous recombination. A central player in meiotic recombination is the Dmc1 recombinase, a member of the RecA⁄Rad51 recombinase superfamily, which is widely conserved from viruses to humans. | MINIREVIEW From meiosis to postmeiotic events Uncovering the molecular roles of the meiosis-specific recombinase Dmc1 Wataru Kagawa and Hitoshi Kurumizaka Graduate Schoolof Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Shinjuku-ku Tokyo Japan Keywords helical filament meiotic recombination octameric ring recombination regulators Correspondence W. Kagawa and H. Kurumizaka Graduate Schoolof Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8480 Japan Fax 81 3 5367 2820 Tel 81 3 5369 7315 E-mail wkagawa@aoni.waseda.jp kurumizaka@waseda.jp Received 30 July 2009 accepted 16 October 2009 In meiosis the accurate segregation of maternal and paternal chromosomes is accomplished by homologous recombination. A central player in meiotic recombination is the Dmc1 recombinase a member of the RecA Rad51 recombinase superfamily which is widely conserved from viruses to humans. Dmc1 is a meiosis-specific protein that functions with the ubiquitously expressed homolog the Rad51 recombinase which is essential for both mitotic and meiotic recombination. Since its discovery it has been speculated that Dmc1 is important for unique aspects of meiotic recombination. Understanding the distinctive properties of Dmc1 namely the features that distinguish it from Rad51 will further clarify the mechanisms of meiotic recombination. Recent structural biochemical and genetic findings are now revealing the molecular mechanisms of Dmc1-mediated homologous recombination and its regulation by various recombination mediators. doi 10.1111 j.1742-4658.2009.07503.x Introduction In all sexually reproducing organisms the number of chromosomes is halved in a specialized type of cell division called meiosis. This process of producing haploid cells ensures that each zygote has the same number of chromosomes as its parents when the two haploid cells fuse during fertilization to form a diploid cell. Abnormalities in meiosis result in aneuploidy a state with an .
