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Tham khảo tài liệu 'a handbook of japanese grammar_07', ngoại ngữ, nhật - pháp - hoa- others phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | la ta 187 The za-form is made by adding ta to the stem of the re-form of a verb. Ta euphonically changes to da after a verb whose dictionary form ends with -bu -gu -mu or -nu. 1. Used in verb ề o 9 ÍÁ K ÍT C Zr o Kinõ watashi wa shinkansen de kyõto ni itte kita. I went to Kyoto by shinkansen yesterday. Saikin watashi wa tabako oyameta. I stopped smoking recently. 7 tfZMitzữ Doa no kagi ga kowareta. The lock on the door is broken. Shi goto wa mõ o watta. The work is finished. Kono hon wa san kai yonda. I ve read this book three times. ề D ò h T t hííTỈPo ZZo Kind mita eiga wa tote mo kowakatta. The movie that I saw yesterday was very scary. used as an adjectival the fl-form of the verb directly precedes the noun it modifies 2. Used in adjective desu after the ta-form makes it more polite ế D 9 M o tz J ỹ i h C t tz C to Copyrighted Material 188 GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION WORDS Kinõ katta kamera wa totemo yasukatta desu. The camera I bought yesterday was very cheap. J Tesuto Wil muzukashikatta desu ka. Amari muzukashiku nakatta desu. Was the test difficult It was not very difficult. - See also Verb Forms 11 tabi ni CONJUNCTION meaning every time each time whenever 1. After dictionary form of verb Wi Ố r ft 0 Ỳ w -9 o Kare wa an tabi ni shigoto no fuman o in. Every time he meets me he complains about his job. 7 bỲĩĩoTLỈv ÌÌ-o Ano niise ni hairu tabi ni atarashii sofuto katte shimaimasu. Each time 1 go into that store I buy new software in spite of myself . tai Zz V AUXILIARY VERB meaning want to would like to feel like doing wish to hope to The subject of verb tai must be the 1 st person in declarative simple sentences and the 2nd person in simple questions or conditional clauses. The 3rd person subject is used with verb 4- tai 190 GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION WORDS Yoko wa sukii ni ikitaku nakatta rashii. It seems that Yoko didn t want to go skiing. - See also hoshii garu tame ni PHRASE meaning for for. . . s sake because of on account of owing to as a result of in order to so as