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Tham khảo tài liệu 'american voices how dialects differ from coast to coast_04', ngoại ngữ, anh ngữ phổ thông phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | vowel sound in pull and pool or full and fool. These mergers or the collapse of two sounds in some situations into one are becoming more common throughout the US. So is the pronunciation of l with a w or o sound in some words like skoo for school or dowar for dollar. There is one pronunciation however that seems to be much more restricted geographically. This is the Pittsburghese pronunciation of down as dahn or house as hahs. Western Pennsylvanians born before 1900 do not seem to have used this sound but by the middle of the twentieth century it was quite common. Dialectologists do not yet know how this pronunciation originated. It is often thought that people in different Pittsburgh neighborhoods and Pittsburgh-area towns have different accents. But if Pittsburgh is like other cities that linguists have studied this is probably not true. What probably is true is that the same sounds and words are used more in some areas and less in others depending on things like whether the neighborhood is mainly working-class and whether people stay in the neighborhood to work or commute to work. This is because children learn their accent primarily from their peers not their parents and each new group of immigrants to the area learned English from people who were already speaking English. Dialects spread when people pick up features of the speech of people they are like talk to a lot or identify with and the children of immigrants were far more likely to want to emulate the speech of the local people who already spoke English than to emulate their parents accented speech. Largely because they have always been segregated from other groups in work education and housing the casual speech of African Americans in Pittsburgh as in other northern cities continues to preserve more of the southern-sounding features African Americans brought with them although North Midland features can also be heard in many Pittsburgh African Americans speech. Different ethnic groups have introduced .
