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Planned Parenthood affiliates and a majority of the other WHP clinics we interviewed have already sustained financial losses because the state of Texas reduced family planning funding by two-thirds in 2011. Thus, family planning clinics have already experienced losses that have contributed to a deterioration of services to low-income women. It is worth noting that the WHP not only provides contraceptive services, but also other women’s health services, such as screening for breast and cervical cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and sexually transmitted infections. Thus, the loss of WHP services may have broader implications for women’s. | Improving Women s Health and Perinatal Outcomes The Impact of Oral Diseases Among the most prevalent and preventable chronic health conditions in the United States1 oral diseases have an immense impact on the oral general and reproductive health of women their quality of life and the oral health of their children. Approximately 84.7 of adults 18 and older in the United States show signs of past or present tooth decay.2 Additionally the majority of adults over the age of 24 exhibit clinical signs of moderate periodontal attachment loss.2 Given these facts nearly all women can expect to experience some form of oral disease in their lifetime. In addition to the various genetic behavioral and social factors that place individuals at a higher risk of developing oral diseases biological and physiological changes related to reproductive development pregnancy and menopause may also have an adverse impact on a woman s oral health status.3 Increasingly oral diseases are being recognized as important markers for underlying health problems as well as potential risk factors for chronic health conditions and adverse perinatal outcomes.4 There is also evidence that poor maternal oral health status may increase the risk of early childhood tooth decay among infants.5 While the effects on physical health are substantial the consequences of oral diseases are also psychological social and economic often resulting in diminished self-image social isolation and days lost from work or school.2 Although there are numerous opportunities to prevent oral diseases throughout a woman s life course barriers to accessing appropriate dental care services and the lack of integration between oral health and general disease prevention and health promotion activities often leave such opportunities unrecognized. Addressing these gaps in health care policy and practice has the potential to markedly improve the oral and general health status and well-being of women as well as that of their children. Oral
