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Drinking no more than two standard drinks, defined as 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor [26] in 24 hours to a maximum of 14 drinks per week for men and nine drinks per week for women, has been termed “low-risk.” However, this recommendation can vary in the context of patients’ other coexisting medical conditions such as with the use of pre- scription drugs including “pain killers” [26]. Thus it is left to the treating health care professional and patient to determine the role that social drinking may play in the context of their individual chronic pain management regimen. Clearly, the safest level of alcohol. | Pun Gerig and Ratib Computer vision in medicine February 8 1993 Image Analysis and Computer Vision in Medicine Thierry Pun1 Guido Gerig2 and Osman Ratib3 Artificial Intelligence and Vision Group Computing Science Center University of Geneva 24 rue General Dufour CH-1211 Genève 4 Switzerland e-mail pun@cui.unige.ch 2Image Science Group Communication Technology Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich ETHZ ETH Zentrum CH - 8092 Zurich Switzerland 3Digital Imaging Unit University Hospital 24 rue Micheli-du-Crest CH-1211 Genève 4 Switzerland Corresponding author T. Pun. Submitted to Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics special issue on Multimedia techniques in the medical imaging environment. 1 Pun Gerig and Ratib Computer vision in medicine February 8 1993 Abstract Multimedia lives with images medical images are born from digital imaging. A physician s multimedia workstation cannot exist without tools for manipulating images performing measurements and generally speaking extracting and collecting pieces of information from the available data. Image analysis and computer vision constitute a wide and rapidly evolving field. This paper is intended as an introductory document for medical imaging researchers and practitioners wishing an overview of recent developments and trends. The major lines of activities in the domain are presented under the common framework of a processing pipeline. After a presentation of the various stages of this pipeline current subjects of research are indicated. Keywords Medical imaging image analysis computer vision features extraction segmentation reconstruction matching recognition artificial intelligence. 2 Pun Gerig and Ratib Computer vision in medicine February 8 1993 1. Introduction 1.1 Digital Imaging A digital image is characterized by its lattice and by the corresponding picture elements 1 . The lattice is typically a rectangular grid of dimension 2 or 3 corresponding either to 2 or 3 spatial coordinates planar