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Ongoing conflict, displacement, breakdown in social and public services coupled with recurrent droughts and flooding have significantly affected food security and livelihoods and therefore nutritional status. However, there is a growing body of evidence that other underlying causes also contribute significantly to high and persistent undernutrition. These factors include: chronic poor dietary diversity, inadequate infant, young child and maternal feeding practices, poor hygiene practices, water and sanitation, poor health seeking behaviours and low access to quality health services and education and gender inequalities. The persistence of undernutrition, even in years of relative stability and good harvest, adds further weight. | Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011 Preliminary Report Central Statistical Agency Addis Ababa Ethiopia MEASURE DHS ICF Macro Calverton Maryland USA The Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey EDHS was implemented by the Ethiopian Central Statistics Agency CSA from 27 December 2010 to June 2011. The funding for the EDHS was provided by the United States Agency for International Development USAID HIV AIDS Prevention and Control Office HAPCO UNFPA UNICEF the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention CDC and the Government of Ethiopia. ICF Macro provided technical assistance as well as funding to the project through the MEASURE DHS project a USAID-funded project providing support and technical assistance in the implementation of population and health surveys in countries worldwide. Additional information about the 2011 EDHS may be obtained from the Central Statistical Agency P.O. Box 1143 Addis Ababa Ethiopia Telephone 251 111 55 30 11 111 15 78 41 Fax 251 111 55 03 34 E-mail csa@ethionet.et. Information about the MEASURE DHS project may be obtained from ICF Macro 11785 Beltsville Drive Suite 300 Calverton MD 20705 UsA Telephone 301-572-0200 Fax 301-572-0999 E-mail info@measuredhs.com Internet http www.measuredhs.com. CONTENTS Page TABLES AND FIGURES.v ACRONYMS.vii I. INTRODUCTION.1 II. SURVEY IMPLEMENTATION.2 A. Sample Design.2 B. Questionnaires.2 C. Anthropometry Anaemia and HIV Testing.3 D. Training of Field Staff.4 E. Fieldwork.5 F. Data Processing.5 III. RESULTS.6 A. Response Rates.6 B. Characteristics of the Respondents.6 C. Fertility.8 D. Fertility Preferences.9 E. Family Planning.9 F. Need for Family Planning.11 G. Early Childhood Mortality.12 H. Maternal Care.13 I. Child Health and Nutrition.15 J. Anaemia Prevalence.20 K. HIV AIDS Awareness Knowledge and Behaviour.22 REFERENCES.29 .