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Security is now and has always been the primary function of government. All societies require some form of law enforcement capability to function effectively. Throughout history, governments of all types have relied on either public police agencies or informal means to effect conformity to social norms, standards, and laws. Given how essential law enforcement is to society, it is surprising how little we really know about how it actually functions. The job of law enforcement is always complex and sometimes dangerous. Police function under much public scrutiny, yet the complexities of what police do and why they do it rarely come to our attention. Readers of this encyclopedia will be introduced to the vagaries. | . cù p ỉlqL __ LAW ENFORCEMENT EDITORIAL BOARD Geoffrey Alpert University of South Carolina Thomas Feltes University of Applied Police Sciences Spaichingen Germany Lorie A. Fridell Police Executive Research Forum Washington DC James J. Fyfe John Jay College of Criminal Justice David T. Johnson University of Hawaii at Manoa Peter K. Manning Northeastern University Stephen D. Mastrofski George Mason University Rob Mawby University of Plymouth U.K. Mark Moore Harvard University Maurice Punch London School of Economics U.K. Wesley G. Skogan Northwestern University __c_ _dQixdiaof LAW ENFORCEMENT Volume 2 Federal Lany E. Sullivan Editor-in-chief John Jay College of CriminalJustice New York NY Dorothy Moses Schulz Editor John Jay College of CriminalJustice New York NY K SAGE Reference Publication Ểằ SAGE Publications Thousand Oaks London New .
