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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: The role of codon selection in regulation of translation efficiency deduced from synthetic libraries. | Navon and Pilpel Genome Biology 2011 12 R12 http genomebiology.eom 2011 12 2 R12 Genome Biology RESEARCH Open Access The role of eodon selection in regulation of translation efficiency deduced from synthetic libraries Sivan Navon Yitzhak Pilpel Abstract Background Translation efficiency is affected by a diversity of parameters including secondary structure of the transcript and its codon usage. Here we examine the effects of codon usage on translation efficiency by re-analysis of previously constructed synthetic expression libraries in Escherichia coli. Results We define the region in a gene that takes the longest time to translate as the bottleneck. We found that localization of the bottleneck at the beginning of a transcript promoted a high level of expression especially if the computed dwell time of the ribosome within this region was sufficiently long. The location and translation time of the bottleneck were not correlated with the cost of expression approximated by the fitness of the host cell yet utilization of specific codons was. Particularly enhanced usage of the codons UCA and CAU was correlated with increased cost of production potentially due to sequestration of their corresponding rare tRNAs. Conclusions The distribution of codons along the genes appears to affect translation efficiency consistent with analysis of natural genes. This study demonstrates how synthetic biology complements bioinformatics by providing a set-up for well controlled experiments in biology. Background Understanding the mechanisms that control the efficiency of protein translation is a major challenge for proteomics computational biology and biotechnology. Efficient translation of proteins either in their natural biological context or in heterologous expression systems amounts to maximizing production while minimizing the costs of the process. Abundant genome sequence data now make it possible to decipher sequence design elements that govern the efficiency of translation. The .
