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Lang, Khoa Mắt © 2000 Thieme Tất cả các quyền. Đối tượng sử dụng các điều khoản và điều kiện của giấy phép. Có thể liên quan đến các triệu chứng và thường được phát hiện ông Năm của PHS ra | Lang Ophthalmology 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Cardinal symptoms Possible associated symptoms and findings Tentative diagnosis probable underlying clinical picture Further diagnostic work-up Enophthalmos eye recedes into orbit History of trauma signs of ocular contusion . Diplopia. Eyelid swelling. Limited ocular motility in elevation and depression. Fracture of the floor of the orbit. Obtain radiographs. In difficult cases CT is indicated for precise localization of the fracture. Triad of ptosis miosis enophthal-mos unilateral findings . Horner s syndrome. Neurologic examination. Blind eye. Phthisis shrinkage of the eyeball . Pseudoenophthalmos severe trauma surgery or retinal detachment and chronic inflammation uveitis or retinitis . Ocular atrophy with shrinkage of the globe. Unequivocal diagnosis. Loss of orbital fatty tissue in advanced age eyes recede into the orbit . Always bilateral Senile sunken eye. Unequivocal diagnosis. Exophthalmos projecting eye Associated hyperthyreosis in 60 of all cases . Often in association with diplopia. Often in association with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Graves disease. Ultrasound and or CT is indicated to determine whether muscles are thickened. Thyroid diagnostic studies by endocrinologist are indicated. 534 19 Cardinal .
