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Tham khảo tài liệu 'solar cells silicon wafer based technologies part 12', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 266 Solar Cells - Silicon Wafer-Based Technologies To further comparing the impact of the optimal angles on the antireflection combining the intensity distribution of the solar spectrum and spectral response of silicon solar cells Fig. 9 shows the variation of the weighted average reflectance F with the incident angle. It can be seen from Fig. 9 that if 0 or 15 was selected as an optimal angle F is just low in small incident angle with the incident angle increases F increases rapidly and if 45 or 60 was used as an optimal angle although F is low for the large angle but F is higher in small angle range especially for 60 case. The value of F is more than 1 percentage point higher than that of 0 in small-angle region. These suggest that if the large angle is selected as the optimal angle a good anti-reflection effect can t be achieved for the small incident angle. And if 30 is selected it is clear from the figure that this angle has the minimum average F in this range so 30 is the best optimization angle. Fig. 9. Weighted average reflectance of double-layer anti-reflection coatings versus different incident angles. Chen Wang 2008 In conclusion in practical applications the oblique incidence is a more common situation. In the oblique incidence case 30 is the best degree for designing and optimizing ARC. 4. Surface Plasmons Atwater Polman 2010 Pillai et al. 2007 For thin-film silicon solar cells the Si absorber has a thickness on the order of only a few micrometers and is deposited on foreign substrates such as glass ceramics plastic or metal for mechanical support. However the efficiency of such silicon thin-film cells at the moment are low compared to wafer-based silicon cells because of the relatively poor light absorption as well as high bulk and surface recombination. Fig.10 shows the standard AM1.5 solar spectrum together with a graph that illustrates what fraction of the solar spectrum is absorbed on a single pass through 2-um-thick crystalline Si film. Clearly a