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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Complex-trait analysis in plants. | Mitchell-Olds Genome Biology 2010 11 113 http genomebiology.eom 2010 11 4 113 w Genome Biology RESEARCH HIGHLIGHT L__ Complex-trait analysis in plants Thomas Mitchell-Olds Abstract Two recent studies in Arabidopsis have identified quantitative trait loci QTLs by population-association and family-based studies respectively providing further data on the genetic architecture of complextrait variation in plants. Genetic variation for complex traits determines fitness in natural environments as well as productivity of the crops that sustain all human populations 1 . Mapping and cloning of quantitative trait loci QTLs has begun to identify the genes responsible for this variation 2 as well as the evolutionary factors that maintain quantitative variation in populations 3 . Central to our understanding is to elucidate the genetic architecture of complex traits which incorporates both the magnitude and the frequency of QTL alleles in a population. Two approaches have recently been applied to complextrait analysis in plants which both allow QTL identification in samples containing diverse genotypes. Populationbased approaches such as genome-wide association studies GWAS use populations of unrelated individuals to examine genome-wide associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs and phenotypes. Alternatively family-based QTL mapping can be applied to complex pedigrees from crosses among different founding genotypes. For Arabidopsis thaliana and most crop plants inbred lines need be genotyped only once enabling efficient and cost-effective phenotyping of many traits in multiple environments by a broad research community. Population- and family-based approaches have complementary advantages and disadvantages Box 1 and together enable major advances in our understanding of quantitative trait variation. A recent paper in Nature by Atwell etal. 4 has taken a population-based approach to QTL association in a GWAS of some 200 inbred lines of Arabidopsis
