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Các xe tăng của máy biến áp là một cấu trúc khép kín được thực hiện bởi các tấm thép. Nó hoạt động như một cấu trúc đĩa. Stiffeners thường được cung cấp trên tất cả các bên và cũng trên trang bìa đầu hồ để giảm ứng suất và độ võng trong tấm theo các loại vật nặng. | 10 Structural Design 10.1 Importance of Structural Design The tank of a transformer is a closed structure which is made by steel plates. It behaves like a plate structure. Stiffeners are usually provided on all the sides and also on the top cover of the tank to reduce stresses and deflections in plates under various types of loads. The transformer tanks are designed for a pressure higher than the operating one as specified by the standards. The tank design and fabrication are complicated due to limitations imposed by transportation weight and size requirement that the oil quantity should be optimum etc. Apart from pressure and vacuum loads the transformer structure has to withstand other loads such as lifting jacking haulage etc. Depending on the location of transformer installation the strength of the transformer structure against a seismic load may also need to be ascertained. Design of the transformer tank becomes complicated due to number of accessories and fittings connected or mounted on it. These include conservator and radiator mounting arrangements cooler pipes turrets which house bushings support arrangement for control box housing controls for fans and pumps support structures for tap changer drive mechanism valves for sampling draining filtration cable trays or conduits for auxiliary wiring inspection covers for getting access to important parts inside the transformer such as bushings for making connections and tap changer cable box bus duct termination etc. Certain simplifying assumptions are done while analyzing the strength of the tank with all these fittings under various loading conditions. The stress analysis of a transformer structure can be done by mainly two methods viz. analytical methods and numerical methods. The analytical methods are used for determining the stiffening requirements to limit stresses and 389 Copyright 2004 by Marcel Dekker Inc. 390 Chapter 10 deflections for simple tank constructions. The tank shapes are usually complex and
