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Tham khảo tài liệu 'developments in heat transfer part 17', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 630 Developments in Heat Transfer http oregonstate.edu bmm DONUTSS-2010 first-deployment-array and it has also been utilized during a borehole heat tracer experiment designed to identify zones of high horizontal hydraulic conductivity and borehole through-flow. While this new DTS instrument has opened many possibilities observation of atmospheric processes for example still needs improvement of temporal resolution to monitor turbulent processes. Instruments with this improved resolution are expected to be available in the near future and definitively will open new opportunities for observation of environmental processes. 5. Conclusion In the environment heat transfer mechanisms are combined in a variety of ways and span spatial scales that range from millimeters to kilometers. This extremely wide spatial scaling has been a barrier that limits observation description and modeling of environmental processes. The introduction of fiber-optic DTS has contributed to fill the gap between these two disparate scales. Fiber-optic DTS has proven effective to precisely observe temperatures at thousands of locations at the same time with no issues of bias and avoiding variability due to use of different sensors. In this work we have shown some of the environmental applications that have benefited from DTS methods. For instance using fiber-optic DTS provides the first and only reliable method in which the spatial variability of snowpack temperatures can easily and remotely be measured. Measurement of both vertical and horizontal gradients and their spatial variability may provide important insights into snowpack dynamics melting and avalanche susceptibility. DTS methods also have improved thermal measurements in natural and managed aquatic systems. For example the hydrodynamic regimes in Devils Hole were observed at resolutions smaller than 0.1 C allowing observation of temperature gradients as small as 0.003 C m-1. This resolution allowed the examination of seasonal oxygen and
