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The new Universities Act (558/2009) and Polytechnics Act (564/2009) contain similar binding obligations concerning the participation of HEIs in external evaluations of their operations and quality systems, as well as in the publication of evaluation results. HEIs also have other means of fulfilling their statutory obligation than by participating in audits conducted by FINHEEC. Legislation concerning FINHEEC also enables it to operate outside national borders. Audits are carried out in Finnish, Swedish and English. The quality of education continues to be a core question in the creation of a competitive, common European Higher Education Area. Education that crosses national borders, mobility, competition as well as the commercialisation and internationalisation of. | June 8 2011 Audit Report Office of Audits NASA s Management of the Mars science Laboratory project Office of inspector general National Aeronautics and Space Administration Report No. IG-11-019 Assignment No. A-10-007-00 Final report released by Paul K. Martin Inspector General Acronyms ATLO FY IPAO JPL MMRTG MSL NPR P FR SAM SA SPaH Assembly Test and Launch Operations Fiscal Year Independent Program Assessment Office Jet Propulsion Laboratory Multi-Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator Mars Science Laboratory NASA Procedural Requirements Problem Failure Report Sample Analysis at Mars Sample Acquisition Sample Processing and Handling Report No. IG-11-019 June 8 2011 -----------I Overview NASA S Management of the Mars Science Laboratory Project The Issue The Mars Science Laboratory MSL part of the Science Mission Directorate s Mars Exploration Program Mars Program is the most technologically challenging interplanetary rover ever designed. This NASA flagship mission whose life-cycle costs are currently estimated at approximately 2.5 billion will employ an array of new technologies to adjust its flight while descending through the Martian atmosphere including a sky crane touchdown system that will lower the rover on a tether to the Martian surface.1 Contributing to the complexity of the mission are the Project s innovative entry descent and landing system the size and mass of the rover four times as heavy as the previous Martian rovers Spirit and Opportunity the number and interdependence of its 10 science instruments and a new type of power generating system. Figure 1. Artist s Concept of the Mars Science Laboratory Rover on the Surface of Mars Source http marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov msl images PIA09201-br2.jpg accessed May 4 2011 . 1 Flagship missions are missions with costs exceeding 1 billion. report No. .
