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Ai được một vị trí quyền lực và sau đó từ chối giúp đỡ người dân của mình? Chỉ có những loại tồi tệ nhất của người "Một người đàn ông làm phong phú thêm bản thân mình thông qua kho bạc chính phủ đổ, trong cộng đồng của mình, khinh thường nếu anh ta không chia sẻ sự giàu có với mình | 450 Charles C. Griffin 47 percent in Bangladesh compared with 23 percent in Pakistan. A prerequisite for going to secondary school of course is completing primary school. The net enrollment rate of girls in primary school was 89 percent in Bangladesh compared with 49 percent in Pakistan in 2003. By any measure this program has been successful in getting girls enrolled. If we look only at the World Bank financing for the stipend program from 1994 through 1999 it provided 68 million to support stipends and tuition for 1.6 million girls. That comes to about 14 a year per girl. This is an amount paid above and beyond the normal subsidies for children in schools. For this marginal payment the school system parents and the girls have responded vigorously. If some of the cash losses caused today by teacher absenteeism could be redirected to programs with similar impacts the change in productivity would go from negative to wildly positive. The stipend program has had problems though. Administrative costs have been about 18 percent.22 Graduation rates for the girls have been disappointing due to low school leaving exam results the design of the program gave schools an incentive to enroll as many girls as possible even if there was not room for them and there was obvious cheating by some schools and girls. On the positive side all of these problems came to light because of the information system that is required to make payments to girls and schools. Unlike the case of the India DIR the money can be traced to its final destination because the whole system depends on payments against reports e.g. enrollment attendance exam scores . Prices cannot be inflated to finance cash kickbacks as the values of the stipend and tuition are fixed only quantities can vary. The nature of the intervention creates the digital trail needed for enforcement and it is possible to cross-check results.23 For the same reason conditional cash transfer programs have been successful in many environments
