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Một chương trình được ban hành để đảm bảo rằng folks cũ của chúng tôi không bao giờ trở thành đối tượng của tổ chức từ thiện đã nhìn thấy số lượng người già trên phúc lợi cuộn và ở Đức dưới 5%. Lạm phát là một hiện tượng trên toàn thế giới theo nghĩa là | Who Protects the Worker 229 LABOR UNIONS One of the most egregious misuses of language is the use of labor as if it were synonymous with labor unions as in reports that labor opposes such and such a proposedlaw or that the legislative program of labor is such and such. That is a double error. In the first place more than three outoffourwork-ers in the United States are not members oflabor unions. Even in Great Britain where labor unions have long been far stronger than in the United States most workers are not members of labor unions. In the second place it is an error to identify the interests of a labor union with the interests of its members. There is a connection and a close connection for most unions most of the time. However there are enough cases of union officials acting to benefit themselves at the expense oftheirmembers bothin legal ways and by misuse and misappropriation of union funds to warn against the automatic equating of the interest sof labor unions with the interests of labor union members let alone with the interests of labor as a whole. This misuse of language is both a cause and an effect ofa general tendency to overestimate the influence and role of labor unions Union actions are visible and newsworthy. They often generate front-page headlines and full-scale coverage on the nightly TV programs. The higgling and bargaining of the market as Adam Smith termed it whereby the wages ofmost workers in the United States are determined is farless visible draws less attention and its importance is as a result greatly underestimated. The misuse of language contributes also to the belief that labor unions are a product of modern industrial development. They are nothing of the kind. On the contrary they are a throwback to a preindustrial period to the guilds that were the characteri Stic form of organization of both merchants and craftsmen in the cities and city-states that grew out of the feudal period. Indeed the modern labor union can be traced back .
