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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về sinh học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh học Journal of Biology đề tài: Amylase polymorphism Drosophila melanogaster: haplotype frequencies in tropical African and American populations | Genet Sei Evol 1993 25 133-151 Elsevier INRA 133 Original article Amylase polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster haplotype frequencies in tropical African and American populations 0 Daĩnou1 2 ML Cariou1 JM Goux3 JR David1 1 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique Evolutives 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex 2 École Normale Supérieure Laboratoire de Zoologie BP 583 Porto Novo RP Benin 3 Université de Paris 7 Laboratoire de Génétỉque des Populations 75221 Paris Cedex France Received 23 Mars 1992 accepted 14 December 1992 Summary - The frequencies of phenotypic haplotypes at the Amylase loci of D melanogaster were determined in 10 samples from 7 different tropical origins including the African mainland Indian Ocean Islands and the French West Indies. Altogether 2 110 haplotypes were scored and 10 different electrophoretic alleles were identified. Allelic frequencies were calculated with the assumption that 2 functional loci occur on each second chromosome. The data of 3 temperate populations from Texas Japan and France 1 238 haplotypes were also included for comparisons. Genetic diversity measured either at the allelic or haplotypic levels was extremely variable between populations with expected heterozygosities ranging from 2 to almost 90 . The most diverse populations are found on the African mainland while temperate populations are characterized by the predominance of the Amy-1 allele a very low diversity was also found in the Mascarene islands. Genetic distances were similarly close between populations from temperate regions Guadeloupe islands and Mascarene islands in spite of large geographic distances. On the other hand African mainland populations despite their high diversity and geographic proximity could be very distantly related at the genetic level. With 10 different alleles 55 different phenotypic haplotypes ie not discriminating between the proximal and distal loci may be produced and 34 were identified. Among the 21 .
