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Cambodia’s child mortality ranks among the highest in Southeast Asia with an un- der five mortality rate at 83 per 1,000 live births (Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (CDHS), 2005). Limited access to safe water and poor hygiene contribute to child morbidity and mortality—only 53% of rural families have access to safe drinking water (National Report on Final Census Re- sults, 2008). Diarrhea is responsible for 17% of deaths of children under the age of five (WHO, 2006). The Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2005 indicated that one in five children under the age of five had diarrhea in the two. | Turk J Gastroenterol 2010 21 1 34-38 Prevalence of Celiac disease in Turkish children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and their non-diabetic first-degree relatives Tip 1 Diyabetli Turk ẹocuklarinda ve onlarin birinci derecede yakinlarinda Ọõlyak hastaligi sikligi Sinan SARI1 Ediz YE 1LKAYA2 Odul EGRHAfi1 Aysun B1DEC12 Peyami C1NAZ2 Buket DALGIỌ1 Departments of 1Pediatric Gastroenterology and 2Pediatric Endocrinology Gazi University School of Medicine Ankara Background aims The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Celiac disease in Turkish children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and their non-diabetic first-degree relatives. Methods Forty-eight children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus 18 males 30 females age range 3.5 to 23 years mean age 12.09 4.78years 29 non-diabetic siblings 40 non-diabe-tic parents and 103 healthy children were screened for celiac disease using the IgA and IgG anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody and total serum IgA. Small intestinal biopsy was offered to all antibody-positive patients. Results Eight of 48 diabetic patients had positive anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA. Selective IgA deficiency was detected in 2 diabetic children and both were positive to anti-tissue transglutaminase IgG. Intestinal biopsy was accepted by 8 of 10 80 diabetic children with positive celiac serology. Pathologic examination showed total villous atrophy in 3 6.3 diabetic children. Positive anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA was found in 1 29 siblings and 2 40 parents. Celiac disease was confirmed by biopsy in the sibling. Two parents refused the biopsy. The frequency of biopsy-proven celiac disease was found as 1.4 in relatives of diabetic children. None of the serum samples of healthy children comprising the control group showed selective IgA deficiency or positivity for anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA antibody. Conclusions These findings indicate that the prevalence of celiac disease in Turkish children with type 1 diabetes mellitus is higher than
