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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về sinh học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh học Journal of Biology đề tài: From bending DNA to diabetes: the curious case of HMGA1. | Journal of Biology Minireview From bending DNA to diabetes the curious case of HMGA1 Robert K Semple Address Metabolic Research Laboratories Institute of Metabolic Science University of Cambridge Addenbrooke s Hospital Cambridge CB2 0QR UK. Email rks16@cam.ac.uk Abstract Although mice lacking the architectural DNA binding factor HMGA1 are diabetic and express very low levels of the insulin receptor they have increased insulin sensitivity. A study in BMC Biology now suggests that changes in circulating retinol binding protein partly account for this paradox. The inexorable rise of pandemic diabetes mellitus is already leaving a devastating global trail of premature debility and mortality in its wake. Around 90 of patients with diabetes mellitus will be assumed from here on have type 2 diabetes T2DM which is intimately associated with and driven by increasing levels of obesity. However despite intensive investigation in humans and model organisms many aspects of its pathogenesis remain unclear and there is an imperative need to refine understanding of the disease process in order to develop new and rational therapies. Difficulty in elucidating the precise pathological basis of T2DM stems in part from its heterogeneity - indeed the certainty implied by this apparently specific label applied by default to most patients without collateral diagnostic features of other better defined types of diabetes may be illusory. It is true that most patients with T2DM do share certain general characteristics - they are mostly overweight or obese mostly in middle age or beyond and mostly have normal or elevated insulin at diagnosis - but extensive clinical observation suggests that the predominant physiological defect s commonly differs significantly among them. Such heterogeneity is not surprising a priori -intermediary metabolism is regulated in a complex manner by constant metabolic dialog among organs including brain liver fat pancreas and skeletal muscle. This is necessary to .
