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Our world is an analog world. Measurements that we make of the physical objects around us are never in discrete units, but rather in a continuous range. | Chapter 2 - Digital Circuits Page 1 of 32 Contents Digital Circuits.2 2.1 Binary Numbers.3 2.2 Binary Switch.5 2.3 Basic Logic Operators and Logic Expressions.6 2.4 Truth Tables.7 2.5 Boolean Algebra and Boolean Function.8 2.5.1 Boolean Algebra.8 2.5.2 Duality Principle.10 2.5.3 Boolean Function and the Inverse.10 2.6 Minterms and Maxterms.13 2.6.1 Minterms.13 2.6.2 Maxterms . 15 2.7 Canonical Standard and non-Standard Forms.16 2.8 Logic Gates and Circuit Diagrams.17 2.9 Example Designing a Car Security System.19 2.10 VHDL for Digital Circuits.21 2.10.1 VHDL code for a 2-input NAND gate.21 2.10.2 VHDL code for a 3-input NOR gate.22 2.10.3 VHDL code for a function.23 2.11 Summary Checklist.24 2.12 Problems.25 Index . 31 Digital Logic and Microprocessor Design with VHDL Last updated 6 16 2004 5 24 PM Chapter 2 - Digital Circuits Page 2 of 32 Chapter 2 Digital Circuits Control Inputs Data Inputs Control unit J rr L -ELJ- State Next- Memory state Logic register Output Logic K. . y P K. P Control Signals P K. I P register ALU 1 0 I Datapath _ 8 Status Signals 8 Control Outputs Data Outputs Digital Logic and Microprocessor Design with VHDL Last updated 6 16 2004 5 24 PM Chapter 2 - Digital Circuits Page 3 of 32 Our world is an analog world. Measurements that we make of the physical objects around us are never in discrete units but rather in a continuous range. We talk about physical constants such as 2.718281828. or 3.141592. To build analog devices that can process these values accurately is next to impossible. Even building a simple analog radio requires very accurate adjustments of frequencies voltages and currents at each part of the circuit. If we were to use voltages to represent the constant 3.14 we would have to build a component that will give us exactly 3.14 volts every time. This is again impossible due to the imperfect manufacturing process each component produced is slightly different from the others. Even if the manufacturing process can be made as perfect
