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Tham khảo tài liệu 'biodiesel quality emissions and by products part 5', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 6 Analysis of FAME in Diesel and Heating Oil Vladimir Purghart Intertek Switzerland AG Schlieren Switzerland 1. Introduction Fossil fuel repository is decreasing worldwide very quickly and finding new sources becomes more and more difficult. Experts are expecting that the fossil fuel will end in a few decades. This is the reason for researchers to find alternatives. Many technical improvements have already been made for car engines and also many developments have been made in the area of fuel. FAME fatty acid methyl esters was found as an equivalent fuel to diesel. It is also known as Biodiesel . In Europe it is mostly prepared from rape palm or soy oil. In the process of biodiesel production the glyceride bondages are broken and methyl esters of the long chained fatty acids are formed FAME fatty acid methyl ester . In recent years car engines have been developed which run with both fossil diesel and FAME. At a time of growing globalisation and increasing financial pressure on logistics and transport companies cross contamination is an increasing issue. It needs extensive actions to clean a tank or a truck after having loaded FAME. Very often traces of FAME can be found in other fuels. This was the reason why a limit for FAME in Jet A-1 fuel needed to be defined and was set at 5 ppm mg kg for aircrafts Ministry of Defence 2008 . Defence Standard 91-91 and Joint Inspection Group 2011 . Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly operated System AFQRJOS Bulletin No. 45 . As diesel and FAME are used in one and the same engine one would think that cross contamination is not critical. This is correct for car drivers. However it is well known that FAME cannot be stored for more than a couple of years. The reason for this is it s hydroscopic properties and it is also a very good alimentary for fungi. Pure fossil diesel can be stored for decades without any problems. However when fossil diesel is stored over several years containing small quantities of FAME fungi growth
