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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Critical Care giúp cho các bạn có thêm kiến thức về ngành y học đề tài: Anchoring the genome. | Review Anchoring the genome Diego Ottaviani Elliott Lever Petros Takousis and Denise Sheer Addresses Cancer Research UK London Research Institute Lincoln s Inn Fields London WC2A 3PX UK. Hnstitute of Cell and Molecular Science Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London Newark St London E1 2AT UK. Correspondence Denise Sheer. Email d.sheer@qmul.ac.uk Published 22 January 2008 Genome Biology 2008 9 201 doi 10.1186 gb-2008-9-1-201 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http genomebiology.com 2008 9 1 201 2008 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract Although the principles governing chromosomal architecture are largely unresolved there is evidence that higher-order chromatin folding is mediated by the anchoring of specific DNA sequences to the nuclear matrix. These genome anchors are also crucial regulators of gene expression and DNA replication and play a role in pathogenesis. The architecture of interphase chromosomes presents a major challenge for our understanding of the functioning of the mammalian genome. Chromosomes are composed of hierarchical levels of chromatin loops or folds. Several models have attempted to describe chromatin organization above the level of the nucleosomal fiber 1-3 . Of these the multi-loop subcompartment model in which rosettes of approximately 1-2 Mb are built up from smaller chromatin loops of 50-200 kb is compatible with most of the recent experimental findings 3 . Although there is no definitive proof so far for this or any other model of higher-order chromatin architecture it is clear that the folding and looping of chromatin leads to the formation of discrete territories for individual chromosomes in the interphase nucleus 4 . Accumulating experimental evidence suggests that these chromatin loops or folds are maintained by attachments to the nuclear matrix 5 . The nuclear matrix extends throughout the nucleus and consists of proteins that are retained .
