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Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Critical Care giúp cho các bạn có thêm kiến thức về ngành y học đề tài: Innate recognition of non-self nucleic acids. | Review Innate recognition of non-self nucleic acids Hongbo Chi and Richard A Flavelh Addresses Department of Immunology St Jude Children s Research Hospital Memphis TN 38105 USA. fHoward Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunobiology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT 06520 USA. Correspondence Richard A Flavell. Email richard.flavell@yale.edu. Hongbo Chi. Email hongbo.chi@stjude.org Published 10 March 2008 Genome Biology 2008 9 211 doi 10.1186 gb-2008-9-3-211 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http genomebiology.com 2008 9 3 211 2008 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract The immune system has evolved a plethora of innate receptors that detect microbial DNA and RNA including Toll-like receptors in the endosomal compartment and RIG-I-like receptors and Nod-like receptors in the cytosol. Here we discuss the recognition of and responses to non-self nucleic acids via these receptors as well as their involvement in autoimmune diseases. The function of the immune system is to protect the organism from invading pathogens. To avoid collateral damage to the body s own tissues it must be able to distinguish infectious non-self entities from self tissues. Antigen-specific lymphocytes - T cells and B cells - recognize pathogens through T-cell receptors and immunoglobulins respectively which are generated by somatic gene rearrangement. But although these antigen-specific receptors allow the recognition of a vast number of different molecules they have no intrinsic ability to distinguish non-self from self. Instead it is believed that signals delivered through the so-called pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system are fundamental in recognizing infectious non-self entities thus preparing the body for the initiation of a full antigen-specific immune response that targets invading pathogens but not self tissues 1 . The receptors utilized by the innate immune system recognize microbial components known
