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Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Origin of measles virus: divergence from rinderpest virus between the 11th and 12th centuries | Furuse et al. Virology Journal 2010 7 52 http www.virologyj.eom content 7 1 52 VIROLOGY JOURNAL SHORT REPORT Open Access Origin of measles virus divergence from rinderpest virus between the 11th and 12th centuries Yuki Furuse Akira Suzuki Hitoshi Oshitani Abstract Measles caused by measles virus MeV is a common infection in children. MeV is a member of the genus Morbilli-virus and is most closely related to rinderpest virus RPV which is a pathogen of cattle. MeV is thought to have evolved in an environment where cattle and humans lived in close proximity. Understanding the evolutionary history of MeV could answer questions related to divergence times of MeV and RPV. We investigated divergence times using relaxed clock Bayesian phylogenetics. Our estimates reveal that MeV had an evolutionary rate of 6.0 - 6.5 X 10-4 substitutions site year. It was concluded that the divergence time of the most recent common ancestor of current MeV was the early 20th century. And divergence between MeV and RPV occurred around the 11th to 12th centuries. The result was unexpected because emergence of MeV was previously considered to have occurred in the prehistoric age. MeV may have originated from virus of non-human species and caused emerging infectious diseases around the 11th to 12th centuries. In such cases investigating measles would give important information about the course of emerging infectious diseases. Findings Measles is a common infection in children and is spread by the respiratory route. It is characterized by a prodromal illness of fever coryza cough and conjunctivitis followed by appearance of a generalized maculopapular rash. Measles virus MeV infects approximately 30 million people annually with a mortality of 197 000 mainly in developing countries 1 . In the prevaccine era more than 90 of 15-year-old children had a history of measles 2 . Measles remains a major cause of mortality in children particularly in areas with inadequate vaccination and medical care. MeV
