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Thermal Remote Sensing in Land Surface Processes - Chapter 10

Calibration của cảm biến nhiệt hồng ngoại Chương này đề với việc chuẩn bức xạ nhiệt hồng ngoại (TIR) cảm biến từ một quan điểm hệ thống end-to-end. Ý định của chúng tôi là cung cấp cơ sở cho việc hiệu chuẩn của phòng thí nghiệm, lĩnh vực, và các công cụ bay. Điều này là sử dụng rõ ràng cho các nhà khai thác của các công cụ này, nhưng ngay cả khi bạn chỉ sử dụng các dữ liệu hình ảnh TIR từ vệ tinh, nó sẽ là quan trọng trong sự hiểu biết làm thế nào để chuyển. | Part III Thermal infrared instruments and calibration Chapter 10 Calibration of thermal infrared sensors John R. Schott Scott D. Brown and Julia A. Barsi 10.1 Overview and scope This chapter deals with the radiometric calibration of thermal infrared TIR sensors from an end-to-end systems perspective. Our intention is to provide the basis for calibration of laboratory field and flight instruments. This is of obvious use to the operators of these instruments but even if you are only using TIR image data from a satellite it will be important in understanding how to convert that data to surface temperature values. Because of the increasing availability and use of many band systems we will include manychannel sensors or spectrometers throughout our discussion however the approach is also valid for single-band instruments. Our initial goal in most TIR remote sensing studies can often be simply stated as the need to identify the spectral emissivity and the kinetic temperature of each object pixel in the scene. Achieving this goal involves careful calibration of laboratory field and flight instrumentation ongoing procedures to monitor this instrumentation and algorithms to convert sensed data i.e. digital counts to the radiometric domain where we have established our calibration references. Regrettably calibration to the sensor reaching radiance using onboard blackbodies as illustrated in Figure 10.1 a is only the first step in quantitative image analysis. The other three fundamental steps are conceptually illustrated in Figure 10.1 b d . These steps consist of conversion of the sensorreaching radiance to the surface-leaving radiance Figure 10.1 b separation of the surface-leaving radiance into an emitted and reflected component calculation of the background component Figure 10.1 c and finally separation of the emitted component into emissivity and temperature-driven components i.e. solving for temperature and emissivity Figure 10.1 d . In most cases these steps are not as