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Although the protozoan parasite,Trypanosoma brucei, can acquire lipids from its environment, recent reports have shown that it is also capable of de novo synthesis of all major phospholipids. Here we provide an over-view of the biosynthetic pathways involved in phospholipid formation in T. | IFEBS Journal REVIEW ARTICLE Trypanosoma brucei a model micro-organism to study eukaryotic phospholipid biosynthesis Mauro Serricchio and Peter Butikofer Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine University of Bern Switzerland Keywords biosynthesis eukaryote glycerophospholipid phospholipid RNAi sphingophospholipid trypanosome Correspondence P. Butikofer Institute of Biochemistry Molecular Medicine University of Bern Buhlstrasse 28 3012 Bern Switzerland Fax 41 31 631 3737 Tel 41 31 631 4113 E-mail peter.buetikofer@mci.unibe.ch Website http ntbiomol.unibe.ch Buetikofer Received 12 November 2010 revised 23 December 2010 accepted 7 January 2011 doi 10.1111 j.1742-4658.2011.08012.x Although the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei can acquire lipids from its environment recent reports have shown that it is also capable of de novo synthesis of all major phospholipids. Here we provide an overview of the biosynthetic pathways involved in phospholipid formation in T. brucei and highlight differences to corresponding pathways in other eukaryotes with the aim of promoting trypanosomes as an attractive model organism to study lipid biosynthesis. We show that de novo synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine involving CDP-activated intermediates is essential in T. brucei and that a reduction in its cellular content affects mitochondrial morphology and ultrastructure. In addition we highlight that reduced levels of phosphatidylcholine inhibit nuclear division suggesting a role for phosphatidylcholine formation in the control of cell division. Furthermore we discuss possible routes leading to phosphatidylserine and cardiolipin formation in T. brucei and review the biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol which seems to take place in two separate compartments. Finally we emphasize that T. brucei represents the only eukaryote so far that synthesizes all three sphingophospholipid classes sphingomyelin inositolphosphorylceramide and ethanolaminephosphorylceramide and that their .
