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Carbon nanotubes were identified for the first time in 1991 by Sumio Iijima at the NEC Research Laboratory, using high resolution transmission electron microscopy, while studying the soot made from by-products obtained during the synthesis of fullerenes by the electric arc discharge method. In this soot, Iijima clearly observed the so-called multiwalled nanotubes, molecular carbon tubes with diameters in the nanometer range, consisting of carbon atoms arranged in a seamless graphitic structure rolled up to form concentric cylinders. Two years later, single-wall carbon nanotubes were synthesized by adding metal particles to the carbon electrodes | LECTURE NOTES IN PHYSICS A. UMJU EUuroK mt 5 ixht JrO.felRUt rstanding in Nanotubes From Rasks to Application Sprin r Lecture Notes in Physics Editorial Board R. Beig Wien Austria W. Beiglbock Heidelberg Germany W. Domcke Garching Germany B.-G. Englert Singapore U. Frisch Nice France P. Hanggi Augsburg Germany G. Hasinger Garching Germany K. Hepp Zurich Switzerland W. Hillebrandt Garching Germany D. Imboden Zurich Switzerland R. L. Jaffe Cambridge MA USA R. Lipowsky Golm Germany H. v. Lohneysen Karlsruhe Germany I. Ojima Kyoto Japan D. Sornette Nice France and Zurich Switzerland S. Theisen Golm Germany W. Weise Garching Germany J. Wess Munchen Germany J. Zittartz Koln Germany The Lecture Notes in Physics The series Lecture Notes in Physics LNP founded in 1969 reports new developments in physics research and teaching - quickly and informally but with a high quality and the explicit aim to summarize and communicate current knowledge in an accessible way. Books published in this series are conceived as bridging material between advanced graduate textbooks and the forefront of research to serve the following purposes to be a compact and modern up-to-date source of reference on a well-defined topic to serve as an accessible introduction to the field to postgraduate students and nonspecialist researchers from related areas to be a source of advanced teaching material for specialized seminars courses and schools. Both monographs and multi-author volumes will be considered for publication. Edited volumes should however consist of a very limited number of contributions only. Proceedings will not be considered for LNP. Volumes published in LNP are disseminated both in print and in electronic formats the electronic archive is available at springerlink.com. The series content is indexed abstracted and referenced by many abstracting and information services bibliographic networks subscription agencies library networks and consortia. Proposals should be sent to a member of the .
