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把 1 个大的网络分成几个小点的网络称之为网络分段(network segment),这些工作由 routers,switches和 bridges来完成 引起 LAN拥塞的可能的原因是: 1.太多的主机存在于 1 个广播域(broadcast domain) 2.广播风暴 3.多播(multicast) 4.带宽过低 | Cisco Certified Network Associate 640-801 ICND Course Notes Preface Noko sh start Written by a.k.a. Noco Description XÆ po tete lfteteM Feb.17th.2004 Chapter1 Internetworking Internetworking Basics te 1 womwtömtteirng network segment teteXteẺ routers switches i bridges tete x LAN fl B 1.teteWXftteteX 1 teteÄ broadcast domain 2teÄM 3. teÄ multicast 4. testete telte tete routers Wtete 1teOMMtete ter 2teil W tete layer-3 Network layer teMtetelteteteteỶ switches WXteiW tera LAN ÈÙM MWteteM fô collision domain Ethernet teote 1 tete te MWtetete tetetel tete tete tetei wsteWte- te iijtete tetete 1 teffiteteiBtetete- m ttetete tete tetelgtemteWteXMtelWtet bridges teMteÄtete tete switchesteteIWtetete bridges te te 2 5J 4 teten port w switches wtetetetetewn.tetetetewteteteteteiwtetütew te teáte m - 1 te nspte 1 -WÂteteteteteMtete 1 tetewr tete r wm te Ẻ routers tete Internetworking Models mWriWMWMWfiWWOW 20 WH 70 W ISO M M JMT OSI Open System Interconnection . osi wofwwm w ffwmowmra ommMW wmi Advantages of Refernce Models OSI S ftM 1. w rm ra Mi B a 2. WWmWMOSM 3 w mMMmwmo The OSI Reference Model osi ft 7 2 a w 3 rarwwwmw 4 t MWBJ m fc 3 upper layer m IMWlM IftMXT4 B ISiOJW 1. Application 2. Presentation 3.Session 4. Transport 5. Network 6. Data link 7. Physical OSI s @ to W 1MOlft NMS 2. fflg 3. D gateways 4. M hosts OSI M 1. Application Mft D 2. Presentation WS W M ffi 3.Session M ISffiMmM 4. Transport WWWWWmi W M7 aME 5. Network Mft Wft i routers W @ 6. Data Link fc ftMW a W MAC MW m W if W fiM MŒ 7.Physical BÆi lWÎMm bit ÈO OP W OSI WBfô 1. Application B ft 2. Presentation B in ffi 3.Session B BiSfêÆP 4. Transport B Mft W W 5. Network B É routing 6. Data Link B MÆ 7. Physical BÆX S ft W The Session Layer The Session layer jS. M WS Æ . nodes lW fê .3 M jBsimplex half duplex full duplex Session layer tWKÎBinW PB l.Network File System NFS 2.Structured Query Language SQL 3. Remote Procedure Call RPC 4. X Window 5. AppleTalk Session Protocol 6. Digital Network Architecture .
