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Since the seminal study of Leland et al. [41] on the self-similar nature of network traf®c, signi®cant advances have been made in understanding the statistical properties of measured network traf®cÐin particular, Internet workloadsÐwhy self-similar burstiness is an ubiquitous phenomenon present in diverse networking contexts, mathematical models for their description and performance analysis based on queueing, and traf®c control and resource management under self-similar traf®c conditions. Chapter 1 gives a comprehensive overview including a. | Self-Similar Network Traffic and Performance Evaluation Edited by Kihong Park and Walter Willinger Copyright 2000 by John Wiley Sons Inc. Print ISBN 0-471-31974-0 Electronic ISBN 0-471-20644-X 21 FUTURE DIRECTIONS AND OPEN PROBLEMS IN PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND CONTROL OF SELF-SIMILAR NETWORK TRAFFIC Kihong Park Network Systems Lab Department of Computer Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 21.1 INTRODUCTION Since the seminal study of Leland et al. 41 on the self-similar nature of network traffic significant advances have been made in understanding the statistical properties of measured network traffic in particular Internet workloads why self-similar burstiness is an ubiquitous phenomenon present in diverse networking contexts mathematical models for their description and performance analysis based on queueing and traffic control and resource management under self-similar traffic conditions. Chapter 1 gives a comprehensive overview including a summary of previous works and the individual chapters give a detailed account of a cross section of relevant works in the area. Chapter 20 provides a discussion of traffic and workload modeling with focus on long versus short time scales and nonuniform scaling observed in wide area IP traffic 23 24 . This chapter presents a broad outlook into the future in terms of possible research avenues and open problems in self-similar network traffic research. The specific items described in the chapter are but a subset of interesting research issues and are meant to highlight topics that can benefit from concerted efforts by researchers in the community due to their scope and depth. The research problems are organized 531 532 FUTURE DIRECTIONS around recent developments and the landscape of previous accomplishments grouped into three areas workload characterization performance analysis and traffic control. Physical modeling which can be viewed as a fourth category is grouped with workload characterization. Workload .