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Oracle Server Technologies and the Relational Paradigm The relational paradigm is highly efficient in many respects for many types of data, but it is not appropriate for all applications. As a general rule, a relational analysis should be the first approach taken when modeling a system. Only if it proves inappropriate should one resort to nonrelational structures. Applications where the relational model has proven highly effective include virtually all Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) systems and Decision Support Systems (DSS). The relational paradigm can be demanding in its hardware requirements and in the skill needed to develop applications around it, but if. | 4 Chapter I Oracle Server Technologies and the Relational Paradigm The relational paradigm is highly efficient in many respects for many types of data but it is not appropriate for all applications. As a general rule a relational analysis should be the first approach taken when modeling a system. Only if it proves inappropriate should one resort to nonrelational structures. Applications where the relational model has proven highly effective include virtually all Online Transaction Processing OLTP systems and Decision Support Systems DSS . The relational paradigm can be demanding in its hardware requirements and in the skill needed to develop applications around it but if the data fits it has proved to be the most versatile model. There can be for example problems caused by the need to maintain the indexes that maintain the links between tables and the space requirements of maintaining multiple copies of the indexed data in the indexes themselves and in the tables in which the columns reside. Nonetheless relational design is in most circumstances the optimal model. A number of software publishers have produced database management systems that conform with varying degrees of accuracy to the relational paradigm Oracle is only one. IBM was perhaps the first company to commit major resources to it but their product which later developed into DB2 was not ported to non-IBM platforms for many years. Microsoft s SQL Server is another relational database that has been limited by the platforms on which it runs. Oracle databases by contrast have always been ported to every major platform from the first release. It may be this that gave Oracle the edge in the RDBMS market place. A note on terminology confusion can arise when discussing relational databases with people used to working with Microsoft products. SQL is a language and SQL Server is a database but in the Microsoft world the term SQL is often used to refer to either. Data Normalization The process of modeling data .