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Gale Encyclopedia of American Law Volume 6 P21 fully illuminates today's leading cases, major statutes, legal terms and concepts, notable persons involved with the law, important documents and more. Legal issues are fully discussed in easy-to-understand language, including such high-profile topics as the Americans with Disabilities Act, capital punishment, domestic violence, gay and lesbian rights, physician-assisted suicide and thousands more. | 188 KÜNSTLER WILLIAM MOSES Government-created crime HAS BECOME AN ALL TOO FAMILIAR PHENOMENON OF THE PAST DECADE OR SO. William Kunstler In the mid-1950s Kunstler successfully represented a local leader of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People naacp who had been denied housing because he was black. In 1956 a black journalist had his passport confiscated for violating a national ban on travel to China he was later arrested on return from Cuba for entering the United States without a passport in violation of an old federal statute. Kunstler persuaded an appellate court to find the statute unconstitutional. The case had been referred to him by the AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION ACLU and a bigger assignment would soon be on the way. Meanwhile he wrote Beyond a Reasonable Doubt 1961 about the 1960 conviction and execution of caryl chessman a case that had provoked international outrage. In 1961 the ACLU sent Kunstler to Jackson Mississippi where civil rights workers were being abused by southern police officers and the courts. Known as the Freedom Riders these young white and black people tried to force integration by riding interstate buses flouting segregation laws. Beatings awaited them followed by arrests and quick convictions for disturbing the peace. Kunstler found only hostility in courtrooms throughout the state. He lost case after case. He asked Mississippi governor Ross Barnett for help but Barnett only lectured him on the need for segregation. Then Kunstler and a fellow attorney William Higgs devised an ingenious strategy discovering an 1866 law designed to protect ex-slaves they used it to have the cases of civil rights workers removed from state courts and heard by federal judges. The law also mandated that federal courts grant the defendants bail something Mississippi refused to do. The civil rights movement lived prospered and changed Kunstler s life. He helped found the Center for Constitutional Rights in Nashville and with its .
