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Vasculature analysis of patient derived tumor xenografts using species-specific PCR assays: Evidence of tumor endothelial cells and atypical VEGFA-VEGFR1/2 signalings

Tumor endothelial transdifferentiation and VEGFR1/2 expression by cancer cells have been reported in glioblastoma but remain poorly documented for many other cancer types. Methods: To characterize vasculature of patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs), largely used in preclinical anti-angiogenic assays, we designed here species-specific real-time quantitative RT-PCR assays. |