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Circumcision is a common procedure, but regional and societal attitudes differ on whether there is a need for a male to be circumcised and, if so, at what age. This is an important issue for many parents, but also pediatricians, other doctors, policy makers, public health authorities, medical bodies, and males themselves. | Morris et al. BMC Pediatrics 2012 12 20 http www.biomedcentral.com 1471-2431 12 20 BMC Pediatrics DEBATE Open Access A snip in time what is the best age to circumcise D rì Ì vs I h I z V VI r 11 I_I A sr l.z f f 2 I D t r rir r 3 O A s m I f I s 5 D I I I_I O 5 Brian J Morris Jake H vvasKen Joya Banerjee Richard G vvamai Aaron AR looian Ronald H Gray Stefan A Bailis6 Robert C Bailey7 Jeffrey D Klausner8 Robin J Willcourt9 Daniel T Halperin10 Thomas E Wiswell11 and Adrian Mindel12 Abstract Background Circumcision is a common procedure but regional and societal attitudes differ on whether there is a need for a male to be circumcised and if so at what age. This is an important issue for many parents but also pediatricians other doctors policy makers public health authorities medical bodies and males themselves. Discussion We show here that infancy is an optimal time for clinical circumcision because an infant s low mobility facilitates the use of local anesthesia sutures are not required healing is quick cosmetic outcome is usually excellent costs are minimal and complications are uncommon. The benefits of infant circumcision include prevention of urinary tract infections a cause of renal scarring reduction in risk of inflammatory foreskin conditions such as balanoposthitis foreskin injuries phimosis and paraphimosis. When the boy later becomes sexually active he has substantial protection against risk of HIV and other viral sexually transmitted infections such as genital herpes and oncogenic human papillomavirus as well as penile cancer. The risk of cervical cancer in his female partner s is also reduced. Circumcision in adolescence or adulthood may evoke a fear of pain penile damage or reduced sexual pleasure even though unfounded. Time off work or school will be needed cost is much greater as are risks of complications healing is slower and stitches or tissue glue must be used. Summary Infant circumcision is safe simple convenient and cost-effective. The available
