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In this study, we review previous stratified steam explosion experiments as well as recent experiments performed at the KTH in Sweden. While experiments with prototypic reactor materials are minimal, we do note that generally the energetics is limited for the stratified mode of contact. When the fuel mass involved in a steam explosion in a stratified geometry is compared to a pool geometry based on geometrical aspects, one can conclude that there is a very limited set of conditions | Nuclear Engineering and Technology 51 2019 95 103 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Nuclear Engineering and Technology journal homepage www.elsevier.com locate net nuclear ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Original Article Stratified steam explosion energetics HangJin Jo Jun Wang Michael Corradini Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA Check for updates ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history Received 3 May 2018 Received in revised form 19 July 2018 Accepted 24 August 2018 Available online 7 September 2018 Keywords Steam explosion Stratified configuration Pool configuration Fuel-coolant mixing Vapor explosions can be classified in terms of modes of contact between the hot molten fuel and the coolant since different contact modes may affect fuel-coolant mixing and subsequent vapor explosion energetics. It is generally accepted that most vapor explosion phenomena fall into three different modes of contact fuel pouring into coolant coolant injection into fuel and stratified fuel-coolant layers. In this study we review previous stratified steam explosion experiments as well as recent experiments performed at the KTH in Sweden. While experiments with prototypic reactor materials are minimal we do note that generally the energetics is limited for the stratified mode of contact. When the fuel mass involved in a steam explosion in a stratified geometry is compared to a pool geometry based on geometrical aspects one can conclude that there is a very limited set of conditions when melt jet diameter is small under which a steam explosion is more energetic in a stratified geometry. However under these limited conditions the absolute energetic explosion output would still be small because the total fuel mass involved would be limited. 2018 Korean Nuclear Society Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license http creativecommons.org licenses by-nc-nd 4.0 . 1. Introduction A severe accident can
