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The genus Ferulago W.Koch is represented with 49 species in the world and 34 species in Turkey. In this study, comparative fruit anatomical properties based on mericarp shape in transverse section of 27 Ferulago species grown in Turkey are given. A description of Ferulago cypria H.Wolff, which was mentioned as a new record in an unpublished postdoctoral thesis, is also given. | Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2013) 37: 434-445 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/bot-1109-7 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/ Research Article Fruit anatomy of some Ferulago (Apiaceae) species in Turkey 1, 2 Emine AKALIN URUŞAK *, Çağla KIZILARSLAN Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul University, Beyazıt, İstanbul, Turkey 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Fatih, İstanbul, Turkey 1 Received: 09.09.2011 Accepted: 10.12.2012 Published Online: 15.05.2013 Printed: 30.05.2013 Abstract: The genus Ferulago W.Koch is represented with 49 species in the world and 34 species in Turkey. In this study, comparative fruit anatomical properties based on mericarp shape in transverse section of 27 Ferulago species grown in Turkey are given. A description of Ferulago cypria H.Wolff, which was mentioned as a new record in an unpublished postdoctoral thesis, is also given. As a result of this study, we are able to identify and classify the species of this genus by using anatomical features of the fruit. In addition, an identification key has been prepared to represent the similarities and differences between the species. The number of vittae distributed in the mesocarp demonstrates large differences between closely related species such as F. pauciradiata Boiss. & Heldr. (5–10 vittae) and F. isaurica Peşmen (97–102 vittae). Anatomical studies also confirm morphological classification, e.g., in sections Aucheria and Anisotaenia. According to this study, F. glareosa should be placed in a section other than Anisotaenia. Key words: Apiaceae, Ferulago, fruit, anatomy, Turkey 1. Introduction The family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) is the third largest family in terms of genera in Turkey. It is also the eighth largest family with approximately 455 species, and 33% of these are endemic (Davis et al., 1988; Güner et al., 2000; Özhatay & Kültür, 2006; Özhatay et al., 2008–2009, 2009, 2011). Turkey is an .