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Introduction to chemical engineering thermodynamics presents comprehensive coverage of the subject of thermodynamics from a chemical engineering viewpoint. This book provides a thorough exposition of the principles of thermodynamics and details their application to chemical processes. | S- CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SERIES Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics SI VI NTH EDITION J. M. Smith H.c. Van Ness M. M. Abbott Contents List of Symbols xi Preface xvil 1 INTRODUCTION I 1.1 The Scope of Thermodynamics. 1 1.2 Dimensions and Units. 2 13 Measures of Amount or Size. 2 1.4 Force. 3 13 Temperature . 5 1A Pressure . 6 1.7 Work. 8 13 Energ . . . . . . . . 10 13 Heat. . 15 2 THE FIRST LAW AND OTHER BASIC CONCEPTS 21 2.1 Joule s Experiments. .21 22 Internal Energy. 21 23 The First Law of Thermodynamics. 22 2.4 Energy Balance for Closed Sy stems . 23 23 Thermodynamic State and Slate Functions . 26 23 Equilibrium. 29 2.7 The Phase Rule. 29 2.8 The Reversible Process. .31 2.9 Constant-V and Conslant-P Processes. .37 2.10 Enthalpy. 38 2J1 Heat Capacity . 40 2.12 Mass and Energy Balances for open Systems. 44 3 VOLUMETRIC PROPERTIES OF PURE FLUIDS 64 3.1 PVT Behavior of Pure Substances.64 3.2 Vĩrial Equations of State. 70 33 The Ideal Gas. 73 3.4 Application of the Vinal Equations.87 33 Cubic Equations of Stale . 90 3.6 Generalized Correlations for Gases. . 99 3.7 Generalized Correlations for Liquids . 109 vii vtii 4 HEAT EFFECTS 125 44 Sensible Heat Effects - . . . 125 43 Latent Heats of Pure Substances. 133 43 Standard Heat of Reaction. 135 4.4 Standard Heal of Formation . 136 43 Standard Heat of Combustion. .139 4.6 Temperature Dependence of AW . 140 4.7 Heal Effects of industrial Reactions . 143 5 THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 159 5.1 Statements of the Second Law . 160 53 Heal Engines . 161 53 Thermodynamic Temperature Scales . 163 5.4 Entropy. . 167 53 Entropy Changes of an Ideal Gas. 170 5.6 Mathematical Statement of the Second Law. . 173 5.7 Entropy Balance for open Systems. 176 5.8 Calculation of Ideal Work. 181 5.9 LostWork. . . 183 5.10 The Third Law of Thermodynamics . 188 5.11 Entropy from the Microscopic Viewpoint. 188 6 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS 199 6.1 Property Relations for Homogeneous Phases. 199 6.2 Residual Properties 208
