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The highest mutagenicity of WCO was observed in both TA 98 and TA100 testers strain. For the same engine, the mutagenic test result is different between two kinds of BDFs. BDFs showed increased mutagenicity higher than DF with WCO>JCO>DF. The number of revertant colonies are 623>508>424 for TA100 and 66>50>41 for TA98, respectively. | Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55 (4C) (2017) 65-71 GAS EMISSIONS AND MUTAGENIC EFFECTS OF DIESEL AND BIODIESEL FUELS Phan Quang Thang*, Dao Thi Phuong, Doan Thi Lien, Nguyen Thanh Thao, Hanh Thi Duong Institute of Environmental Technology (IET), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam * Email: thangpq@ietvn.vn Received: 10 September 2017; Accepted for publication: 14 October 2017 ABSTRACT The Ames test has been used to evaluate the mutagenic effect of exhaust gas using diesel and biodiesel fuels (BDFs) from power generator. The Salmonella typhimurium (TA98 and TA100 tester strain) were cultured because of the most sensitive for organic pollutant. The direct sampling from gas emission for Ames test was the first time proposed. Six low molecular-weight methyl esters (LMW-MEs) found in exhaust gas when using biofuels have been tested to reveal that they are not mutagenic but toxic. The quality control standards such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and sodium azide (NaN3) were used as negative and positive control in all culture processes. DMSO is the best adsorbent to trap the pollutants in exhaust gas. The mutagenic effects of Diesel fuel (DF) with Jatropha BDF (JCO) and waste cooking oil BDF (WCO) have been evaluated. The highest mutagenicity of WCO was observed in both TA 98 and TA100 testers strain. For the same engine, the mutagenic test result is different between two kinds of BDFs. BDFs showed increased mutagenicity higher than DF with WCO>JCO>DF. The number of revertant colonies are 623>508>424 for TA100 and 66>50>41 for TA98, respectively. Keywords: ames test, biodiesel fuel, gas emission, mutagenic effect, methyl ester. 1. INTRODUCTION Biodiesel Fuel (BDF) is derived from any plant or animal oil via transesterification of triglycerides with alcohol in the presence of a base catalyst. BDF has received considerable scientific attention for several decades. Although previous studies have shown
