TAILIEUCHUNG - Chemistry part 38, Julia Burdge,2e (2009)

Tham khảo sách 'chemistry part 38, julia burdge,2e (2009)', khoa học tự nhiên, hoá học phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 942 CHAPTER 25 Modern Materials amino group of one amino acid and the carboxy group of another. See Figure . One water molecule is produced as each new C N bond is formed. The C N bond formed between an amino group and a carboxy group is called an amide bond because RCONR R is the general form of an amide Section . Table . Polymers in which the monomers are connected by amide linkages are called polyamides. The amide bond between amino acids is more specifically called a peptide bond and proteins are routinely referred to as polypeptides. Although polypeptides can form from a single amino acid . polyvaline most proteins in organisms consist of chains of different amino acids. As a result most proteins are random copolymers Table . Nylon 6 6 is a synthetic condensation polymer formed from hexamethylenediamine a molecule with two amino groups and adipic acid which has two carboxy groups. Water is the small molecule eliminated in this condensation reaction. hh2n- ch2 -nh2 oh-c- ch2 -c-oh - -nh- ch2 -nh- c CH2kc 2zîH2O Both hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid contain six carbon atoms which is why the resulting polymer is called nylon 6 6. Like proteins nylon 6 6 contains amide linkages between monomers so nylon 6 6 is a polyamide too. Also like proteins nylon 6 6 is a copolymer although nylon 6 6 is an alternating copolymer Table not a random copolymer. Dacron is the trade name for the condensation copolymer formed from ethylene glycol a diol a molecule with two alcohol groups and zrzra-terephthalic acid a diacid a molecule with two carboxy groups . The condensation reaction removes the hydrogen atom from the alcohol on one monomer and the OH group from the carboxy group on a second monomer producing water. 2 l IoO Figure Structure of DNA. The bond that forms between each ethylene glycol monomer and each jrzra-terephthalic acid monomer is called an ester linkage because RCOOR is the general form of an ester K Section . Table .

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