TAILIEUCHUNG - Neighborhoods and the Health of the Elderly: Challenges in Using National Survey Data

Neighborhoods may influence late-life health through a number of pathways (see Figure 1). The IOM (1991) disablement framework, which distinguishes among disease, functional limitation, and disability, serves as the starting point for this framework. We extend the IOM framework to include mortality and self-rated general health status, which are both influenced by disease, functional limitation, and disability, as well as the variety of individual and neighborhood factors that influence health in general. We highlight this process in late-life in the Figure, although the process happens continuously throughout the lifecourse; that is, similar “early-life health” and “mid-life health” boxes exist, which. | Population Studies Center Research Report Jeannette Rogowski Vicki Freedman and Robert Schoeni Neighborhoods and the Health of the Elderly Challenges in Using National Survey Data Report 06-600 May 2006 Population Studies Center University of Michigan Institute for Social Research Neighborhoods and the Health of the Elderly Challenges in Using National Survey Data Jeannette A. Rogowski University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Vicki A. Freedman University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Robert F. Schoeni University of Michigan May 2006 Population Studies Center Research Report 06-600 This paper was prepared for the Behavioral and Social Research Program National Institute on Aging. Funding for this research was provided by the National Institute on Aging grant number R01 AG024058 and NIEHS grant P50 ES12383. The authors thank Rizie Kumar and Patricia Andreski for their excellent programming assistance. They also thank Irina Grafova and Nicole Lurie for excellent comments on earlier drafts of the paper. The opinions are those of the authors alone and do not represent those of their employers or the funding agency. National Survey Data in Research on Neighborhoods and Elderly Health Page 2 Introduction A growing literature has demonstrated that neighborhoods of residence affect health and may contribute to socioeconomic disparities in health. Contextual effects have been documented across a wide spectrum of populations including both children and adults. However neighborhood effects on the health of the elderly are currently understudied. Neighborhoods of residence across the lifecourse are likely to affect health status in late life and to contribute to observed disparities for several reasons. Neighborhoods have been demonstrated to have effects on health throughout early and mid life. Further for most people their most salient health events occur later in life. Thus one would expect features of both current neighborhoods of residence and of those

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