TAILIEUCHUNG - Cú pháp tiếng anh part 6

51 (45) DP D The N president T may V blame TP T' VP PRN himself The reflexive pronoun himself can be bound by the DP the president in (45) because the sister of the DP node is the T-bar node, and the pronoun himself is contained within the relevant T-bar node (by virtue of being one of the grandchildren of T-bar): consequently, the DP the president c-commands the anaphor himself and the binding condition (44) is satisfied. We therefore correctly predict that (42a) The president may blame himself is grammatical, with the president interpreted as the antecedent of himself. But. | 51 blame himself The reflexive pronoun himself can be bound by the DP the president in 45 because the sister of the DP node is the T-bar node and the pronoun himself is contained within the relevant T-bar node by virtue of being one of the grandchildren of T-bar consequently the DP the president c-commands the anaphor himself and the binding condition 44 is satisfied. We therefore correctly predict that 42a The president may blame himself is grammatical with the president interpreted as the antecedent of himself. But now consider why a structure like 46 below is ungrammatical cf. 42b above The answer is that the DP node containing the president doesn t c-command the PRN node containing himself because the sister of the DP node is the P node of and himself is not contained within . not a daughter granddaughter or great-granddaughter etc. of the preposition of. Since there is no other appropriate antecedent for himself within the sentence . although the NP supporters of the president c-commands himself it is not a suitable antecedent because it is a plural expression and himself requires a singular antecedent the anaphor himself remains unbound - in violation of the binding requirement on anaphors. This is the reason why 42b Supporters of the president may blame himself is ungrammatical. Our brief discussion of anaphor binding here highlights the fact that the relation c-command has a central role to play in syntax. It also provides further evidence for positing that sentences have a hierarchical constituent structure in that the relevant restriction on the binding of anaphors in 44 is characterised in structural terms. There s much more to be said about binding though we shan t pursue the relevant issues here for technical discussion see Reuland 2001a and Reuland and Everaert 2001 . Bare phrase structure In this chapter we have used a system of category labels based on the bar notation which has been widely adopted since the 1970s. Within this framework a

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