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Tuy nhiên, sự khác biệt tính năng viết kém bằng văn bản chính hãng từ các tính năng văn bản khiếm khuyết của sự giả mạo là không phải lúc nào cũng dễ dàng hay có thể. Thành công phụ thuộc vào nhiều yếu tố, chẳng hạn như khối lượng các văn bản hỏi, | Figure 10.15 Bloods soaking of left knee and leg of trousers resulting from kneeling in blood. Figure 10.16 Diagrammatic representation of dense zone at lowest edge of bloodstain produced by the effect of gravity. Medium-Velocity Bloodstain Patterns Medium-velocity impact spatter is defined as bloodstains produced on a surface when the exposed blood source has been subjected to a force other than gravity of at least 5 to 25 feet per second up to 100 feet per second. Impact force greater than 100 feet per second would be in the range of high-velocity impact. The energy of the impact causes the blood to be broken up into small droplets. The resultant bloodstains produced on surfaces are usually within the range of 1 to 4 mm in diameter with smaller and larger stains not uncommon Figure 10.17 . Blows administered to a victim with a blunt 1997 CRC Press LLC Figure 10.17 Medium-velocity impact blood spatter produced by beating. instrument as well as a sharp object will produce medium-velocity blood spatter once the blood has been exposed to receive impact. The distribution of medium-velocity blood spatter and determination of directionality and angle of impact on nearby surfaces assist with the positioning of the victim and assailant during bloodshed. Blood droplets are often radially distributed away from the impact site and spatters may be seen on the assailant s person and clothing. The quantity and location of blood spatter observed on an assailant depends upon the relative position of the assailant and the victim as well as the angle and number of blows struck. For example an assailant delivering blows with overhead swings to a prone victim would likely receive blood spatter on the lower legs as well as the hand and arm wielding the weapon. On the other hand when the direction of force is away from the assailant such as with side swings of a blunt weapon little if any spatter may impact upon the assailant. Events other than beatings can produce bloodstains in the .