TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Organic chemistry: Chapter 27 - L. G. Wade, Jr.

In this chapter, we discuss some of the fundamental principles of polymer chemistry. We begin with a survey of the different kinds of polymers, then consider the reactions used to induce polymerization. Finally, we discuss some of the structural characteristics that determine the physical properties of a polymer. | Chapter 26 Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Synthetic Polymers Chapter 26 Introduction A polymer is a large molecule composed of many smaller repeating units. First synthetic polymers: Poly(vinyl chloride) in 1838. Polystyrene in 1839. Now, 250 billion pounds are produced annually, worldwide. Chapter 26 Classes of Polymers Addition, or chain-growth, polymers. Condensation, or step-growth, polymers. Chapter 26 Chapter 26 Addition Polymers Three kinds of intermediates: Free radicals Carbocations Carbanions Examples of addition polymers: Polypropylene plastics Polystyrene foam insulation Poly(acrylonitrile), Orlon® fiber Poly(methyl -methacrylate), Plexiglas® Chapter 26 Free-Radical Polymerization Initiation step: Propagation step: Chapter 26 Chain Branching Chain branching occurs when the growing end of a chain abstracts a hydrogen atom from the middle of a chain. A new branch grows .

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