TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Organic chemistry: Chapter 1 - L. G. Wade, Jr.

Chapter 1 introduction and review the organic chemistry. The goal is for you to learn: Review concepts from general chemistry that are essen-tial for success in organic chemistry, such as the electronic structure of the atom, Lewis structures and the octet rule, types of bonding, electronegativity, and formal charges; predict patterns of covalent and ionic bonding involving C, H, O, N, and the halogens. Identify resonancestabilized structures and compare the relative importance of their resonance forms. | Chapter 1 Chapter 1 © 2010, Prentice Hall Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Introduction and Review Chapter 1 Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Chapter 1 Electronic Structure of the Atom An atom has a dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons. The electron density is highest at the nucleus and drops off exponentially with increasing distance from the nucleus in any direction. Chapter 1 The 2p Orbitals There are three 2p orbitals, oriented at right angles to each other. Each p orbital consists of two lobes. Each is labeled according to its orientation along the x, y, or z axis. Chapter 1 Isotopes Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. Mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom. Chapter 1 Electronic Configurations of Atoms Valence electrons are electrons on the outermost shell of the atom. Chapter

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