TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Foundations of nursing: An integrated approach: Chapter 3 - Cliff Evans, Emma Tippins

This chapter will initially guide the reader through both the form and function of the respiratory system; this will be aided by several exercises that the reader can undertake to consolidate new learning and provide evidence of professional development. The chapter progresses into discussing several disease processes that impact on respiratory function resulting in both acute hospital and primary care presentations and a chronically reduced ability to function. | Chapter 3 The Respiratory System Respiratory Disease In the UK respiratory diseases are responsible for more emergency hospital admissions than diseases of any other origin. Many respiratory conditions are easy to assess and treat and despite a continual reduction in mortality rates over recent years. One of the most prevalent diseases affecting the respiratory system is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - affecting 900,000 individuals within the UK and accounting for in excess of 30,000 deaths per year. The Respiratory System The initial structures of the respiratory system are the mouth, or oropharynx, and the nose. The nose is lined with special types of tissue cells and hair to filter and moisten air and is the primary route for the conveyance of air. The mouth can also relay air into the upper airway passages leading to the lungs. The Respiratory System The Passageway A continuous link exists between the air entry points and the beginning of the lungs. The passageway that forms the pharynx leads from the back of the mouth and nose, dividing into the oesophagus at the rear of the throat, and the larynx at the front. At the rear of the pharynx, at the base of the nose, sits the adenoids and the palatine tonsils at the junction of the mouth and throat, they combine to filter invading bacteria. The Larynx The larynx begins at the back of the mouth leading down the neck towards the trachea T he larynx and trachea are composed of rings of cartilage attached by membranes and ligaments. The thyroid cartilage surrounding the larynx forms the Adams’s apple. The Trachea is around 10cms long with incomplete hyaline cartilage rings running its outside length. The trachea is lined with a rich supply of mucus secreting goblet cells. The Lungs The bronchi are where the single passageway splits in two, one leading to the right lung and one leading to the left. The inside of the bronchi are lined with ciliated epithelium. These increasingly fine tubes are .

• Y khoa - Dược
• Foundations of nursing
• Lecture Foundations of nursing
• Body systems
• Nursing in practice
• Respiratory system
• Central control of respiration
• Nursing register
• Nursing process
• Regulatory mechanisms
• Homeostatic feedback mechanisms
• Cardiovascular system
• Heart disease
• Nervous system
• The brain
• Renal system
• Renal disease
• Gastrointestinal system
• Digestive system
• Musculoskeletal system
• Functions of the skeleton
• Reproductive system
• Male hormones
• Lymphatics systems
• Endocrine systems
• The senses
• The eye
• Children’s act
• Child protection
• Mental illness
• Mental health
• Learning disabilities
• Cerebral palsy
• First aid knowledge
• International distress sign
• Drug calculations
• Older patient