TAILIEUCHUNG - THE BREASTFEEDING ANSWER BOOK

The next section highlights the economic significance of the livestock sector and reviews livestock policies. The two sections that follow describe (respectively) livestock production and marketing systems. The methodology of the paper is discussed in Section V. This is followed in Section VI by a close look at the Idara-e-Kissan cooperative, its institutional model, and its operations. Economic analysis of returns on milk production of IK members and a control group of non-members is presented in the next section. Based on this analysis, Section VIII identifies the successes and limitations of the cooperative. The final section draws conclusions | la leche leagued international THE BREASTFEEDING ANSWER BOOK aMRBOOK. March 2012 Update Third Revised Edition Table of Contents Breast Anatomy Bariatric Surgery and Lactation Contraception Galactogogues Milk Expression Milk Storage To download electronic version babupdate la lechPjOi leagueO .8 international p ro to ro p tn THE BREASTFEEDING ANSWER BOOK breast anatomy March 2012 To download electronic version Update babupdate la leche g leagueO 9 international THE BREASTFEEDING ANSWER BOOK MARCH 2012 UPDATE Milk or lactiferous sinuses do not exist For many years our understanding of the anatomy of the breast was based on intricate dissections of the ductal system in the breast of lactating women after death. Hot colored wax was injected into the duct openings on the nipple surface. The rest of the breast was dissected away and a colored model of the ductal system was left Cooper 1845 . Much but not all of what was first demonstrated about breast anatomy is still true today. One significant difference relates to the milk sinuses. In the wax models there were dilated ducts just below the surface of the nipple. This dilated space was thought to be a storage reservoir for milk Cooper 1845 . We now know that the concept of dilated milk ducts also called lactiferous sinuses is incorrect Ramsey 2005 and Geddes 2009 . The ducts are distensible and expanded when Cooper injected the wax creating an artificial space or sinus. Improvements in sonography have revolutionized our understanding of breast anatomy and function. Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging of the breasts of lactating women confirms that there is no dilation of milk ducts below the areola Gooding 2010 . The area just below the areola is filled with glandular tissue just like the rest of the breast Ramsey 2005 Geddes 2009 . The ducts begin to branch very close to the nipple within 8 mm inch of the areola Ramsey 2005 . Sonography also informs us that more than two thirds of the .

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