TAILIEUCHUNG - REQUIREMENTS FOR PROTEIN MEALS FOR RUMINANT MEAT PRODUCTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Sustainable use, development and conservation of the world’s livestock genetic resources are of vital importance to agriculture, food production, rural development and the environment. In recognition of the need to develop an effective framework for the management of these resources and to address the threat of genetic erosion, 109 countries, including Ethiopia, came together in September 2007 at the first international technical conference on animal genetic resources for food and agriculture held in Interlaken, Switzerland. The conference adopted the Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources. . | 1 REQUIREMENTS FOR PROTEIN MEALS FOR RUMINANT MEAT PRODUCTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES By R A Leng Emeritus Professor University of New England Armidale NSW Australia Mailing Address 26 Leichhardt Drive Yandina Creek Qld 4561 Australia 2 REQUIREMENTS FOR PROTEIN MEALS FOR RUMINANT MEAT PRODUCTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES By R A Leng Emeritus Professor University of New England Armidale NSW Australia Abstract. World meat and milk supplies must be increased considerably in the next 20-50 years if the predicted demand is to be satisfied. Development of poultry and pig industries are targeted as being the most likely to develop at a rate commensurate with the demand for meat. Developments of alcohol industries to provide oxygenate for inclusion in gasoline may take a large proportion of what was previously feed grain that is a requirement for industrial pig and poultry production. The demand for grain for alcohol may impinge on the availability of feed grain and may result in a short fall for these developments to occur. This suggests that emphasis should be directed to ruminant production including cattle sheep and goats that are capable of producing on feeds high in complex carbohydrates not usable in quantity by the monogastric meat producers. A review of the literature shows that with appropriate supplementation of the abundant crop residues and other fibrous materials that are fed to ruminants these can be used highly efficiently attaining reasonable production levels. Crop residues and wasteland or mature tropical grasses are mostly deficient in nutrients that are critical for the digestion of fibrous carbohydrates and efficient synthesis into products. Supplying these nutrients leads to significant improvement in productivity and when these supplementation strategies are applied together with management to attain high digestibility of the forage high levels of production can be achieved relative to animals fed on for instance high quality temperate pastures. .

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