TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "Machine Translation: its History, Current Status, and Future Prospects Jonathan Slocum Siemens"

Translation (MT) of natural human languages is not a subject about which most scholars feel neutral. Thzs field has had a long, colorful career, and boasts no shortage of vociferous detractors and proponents alike. | Machine Translation its History Current Status and Future Prospects Jonathan Slocum Siemens Communications Systems Inc. Linguistics Research Center University of Texas Austin Texas Abstract Elements OỈ the history state of the art and probable future of Machine Translation MT are discussed. The treatment is largely tutorial based on the assumption that this audience is for the most part ignorant of matters pertaining to translation in general and MT in particular. The paper covers some of the major MT R D groups the general techniques they employ ed and the roles they play ed in the development of the field. The conclusions concern the seeming permanence of the translation problem and potential re-integration of MT with mainstream Computational Linguistics. Introduction Machine Translation MT of natural human languages is not a subject about which most scholars feel neutral. This field has had a long colorful career and boasts no shortage of vociferous detractors and proponents alike. During its first decade in the 1950 s interest and support was fueled by visions of high-speed high-quality translation of arbitrary texts especially those of interest to the military and intelligence communities who funded MT projects quite heavily . During its second decade in the 1960 s disillusionment crept in as the number and difficulty of the linguistic problems became increasingly obvious and as it was realized that the translation problem was not nearly so amenable to automated solution as had been thought. The climax came with the delivery of the National Academy of Sciences ALPAC report in 1966 condemning the field and indirectly its workers alike. The ALPAC report was criticized as narrow biased and short-sighted but its recommendations were adopted with the important exception of increased expenditures for long-term research in computational linguistics and as a result MT projects were cancelled in the . and elsewhere around the world. By 1973 the early part of the .

• Báo cáo khoa học
• Machine Translation
• its History
• Current Status
• Future Prospects Jonathan Slocum Siemens
• scientific reports
• model language
• process natural language
• N gram based Statistical
• Machine Translation versus Syntax Augmented Machine Translation
• comparison and system combination
• Human translation
• Quality of translation
• Linguistic criteria
• Strengths and weaknesses
• Construction and architecture sector
• Mixing Multiple Translation Models
• Statistical Machine Translation
• SMT
• báo cáo khoa học
• báo cáo ngôn ngữ
• ngôn ngữ tự nhiên
• Translation Model Size Reduction
• Hierarchical Phrase based
• Translation Model Adaptation
• Monolingual Topic Information
• Balancing User Effort and Translation Error
• Interactive Machine Translation
• Confidence Measures
• Improving On line Handwritten Recognition
• Translation Models
• Multimodal Interactive Machine Translation
• Name Translation
• Learning When to Transliterate
• xử lý ngôn ngữ tự nhiên
• A CONSIDERATION ON THE CONCEPTS STRUCTURE
• LANGUAGE IN RELATION TO SELECTIONS OF TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS OF VERBS
• MACHINE TRANSLATION SYSTEMS
• DEALING WITH INCOMPLETENESS
• LINGUISTIC KNOWLEDGE IN LANGUAGE TRANSLATION TRANSFER AND GENERATION STAGE
• MU MACHINE TRANSLATION PROJECT
• Perplexity Minimization
• Translation Model Domain Adaptation
• Improving Pronoun Translation
• Liane Guillou
• Automatic Construction
• Machine Translation Knowledge
• Translation Literalness
• Computing Consensus Translation
• Multiple Machine Translation Systems
• Enhanced Hypotheses Alignment
• A Discriminative Latent Variable Model
• A Discriminative Latent Variable Model for Statistical Machine Translation
• Machine Translation will not Work
• FORUM ON MACHINE TRANSLATION
• Martin Kay Xerox Palo Alto
• Machine Translation already does Work
• Margaret King
• Domain adaptation
• The English Vietnamese language pair
• Low resource domains
• A machine learning
• the automatic evaluation
• mô hình ngôn ngữ
• Sciences and humanities
• Real world oriented machine translators
• Multiple reference points
• Occupational segregation
• Khoa học máy tính
• Tạp chí khoa học
• Natural Language Processing
• Phrase based Statistical Machine Translation
• translation of russian technical literature by machine
• James W
• Perry
• Mechanical Translation
• Machine Translation Development at the University of Washington
• Erwin Reifle
• The Work on Machine Translation in the Soviet Union
• V
• Yu
• Rozentsveig
• Studies in Machine Translation—8 Manual for Postediting Russian Text
• H
• P
• Edmundson