TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "FOR A DISCOVERY PROCEDURE CERTAIN PHONOLOGICAL RULES"

Acquisition of phonological s y s t e m s can be insightfully studied in t e r m s of discovery procedures. T h i s paper describes a discovery procedure, i m p l e m e n t e d in Lisp, capable of determining a set of ordered phonological rules, which m a y be in opaque contexts~ from a set of surface forms arranged in paradigms. | A DISCOVERY PROCEDURE FOR CERTAIN PHONOLOGICAL RULES Mark Johnson Linguistics UCSD. ABSTRACT Acquisition of phonological systems can be insightfully studied in terms of discovery procedures. This paper describes a discovery procedure implemented in Lisp capable of determining a set of ordered phonological rules which may be in opaque contexts from a set of surface forms arranged in paradigms. 1. INTRODUCTION For generative grammarians such as Chomsky 1965 a primary problem of linguistics is to explain how the language learner can acquire the grammar of his or her language on the basis of the limited evidence available to him or her. Chomsky introduced the idealization of instantaneous acquisition which I adopt here in order to model the language acquisition device as a function from primary linguistic data to possible grammars rather than as a process. Assuming that the set of possible human languages is small rather than large appears to make acquisition easier since there are fewer possible grammars to choose from and less data should be required to choose between them. Accordingly generative linguists are interested in delimiting the class of possible human languages. This is done by looking for properties common to all human languages or universals. Together these universals form universal grammar a set of principles that all human languages obey. Assuming that universal grammar is innate the language learner can use it to restrict the number of possible grammars he or she must consider when learning a language. As part of universal grammar the language learner is supposed to innately possess an evaluation metric which is used to decide between two grammars when both are consistent with other principles of universal grammar and the available language data. 2. DISCOVERY PROCEDURES This approach deals with acquisition without reference to a specific discovery procedure and so in some sense the results of such research are general in that in principle they apply .

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