TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "USING %-CALCULUS TO REPRESENT IN LOGIC GRAMMARS"

This paper descrlbes how meanings are represented in a semantic grammar for a fragment of English in the logic programming language Prolog. The conventions of Definite Clause Grammars are used. Previous work on DCGs with a semantic component has used essentially first-order formulas for representing meanings. The system described here uses formulas of the typed ~-calculus. The first section discusses general issues concerning the use of first-order logic or the h-calculus to represent meanings, The second section describes how h-calculus meaning representations can be constructed and manipulated directly in Prolog. This 'programmed' representation motivates a suggestion, discussed in. | USING X-CALCULUS TO REPRESENT MEANINGS IN LOGIC GRAMMARS David Scott Warren Computer Science Department SUNY at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794 ABSTRACT This paper describes how meanings are represented in a semantic grammar for a fragment of English in the logic programming language Prolog. The conventions of Definite Clause Grammars are used. Previous work on DCGs with a semantic component has used essentially first-order formulas for representing meanings. The system described here uses formulas of the typed X-calculus. The first section discusses general issues concerning the use of first-order logic or the x-calculus to represent meanings. The second section describes how X-calculus meaning representations can be constructed and manipulated directly In Prolog. This programmed representation motivates a suggestion discussed in the third section for an extension to Prolog so that the language Itself would Include a mechanism for handling the x-formulas directly. I X-CALCULUS AND FOL AS MEANING REPRESENTATION LANGUAGES The initial phase of most computer programs for processing natural language is a translation system. This phase takes the English text input and transforms it into structures In some Internal meaning-representation language. Most of these systems fall into one of two groups those that use a variant of first-order logic FOL as their representation language and those that use the typed x-calculus LC for their representation language. Systems based on semantic nets or conceptual dependency structures would generally be calssified as using variants of FOL but see Jones and Warren 1982 for an approach that views them as LC-based. The system considered here are several highly formalized grammar systems that concentrate on the translation of sentences of logical form. The first-order logic systems are exemplified by those systems that have developed around or gravitated to logic programming and the Prolog language in particular. These include the systems

• Báo cáo khoa học
• CALCULUS TO REPRESENT
• LOGIC GRAMMARS
• David Scott Warren
• scientific reports
• model language
• process natural language
• Dialog Control
• Natural Language System
• Dialog Control in a Natural Language System
• Expanding the Horizons
• Natural Language Interfaces
• Phil Hayes
• PROSPECTS OR PRACTICAL
• NATURAL LANGUAGE SYSTEMS
• Workshops
• NATURAL LANGUAGE
• INTERACTION WITH MACHINES
• Long Papers
• COMPUTER INTEBFACE DESIGN MURRAY TUROFF DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER
• IiVFORMATION SCIENCE IIEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• EVALUATION OF NATURAL LANGUAGE
• INTERFACES TO DATABASE SYSTEMS
• A PANEL DISCUSSION
• database query system
• J
• Norwood Crout
• INTERFACES TO DATA BASE SYSTEMS
• Bozena Henisz
• INTERPRETING NATURAL LANGUAGE
• DATABASE UPDATES
• S
• Jermld Kaplan Jim David
• TRANSPORTABLE NATURAL LANGUAGE
• INTERFACES TO DATABASES
• Gary G
• Hendrlx and William H
• Lewis
• DATABASES THEORETICAL
• TECHNICAL ISSUES
• TRANSPORTABLE NATURAL LANGUAGE INTERFACES
• PROBLEMS AND TECHNIQUES
• Barbara J
• Grosz
• THEORETICAL TECHNICAL ISSUES
• NATURAL LANGUAGE ACCESS TO DATABASES
• R
• Petrick
• Domain Independent
• Database Access Systems
• ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE
• ACCESS TO DATABASES
• A LOGIC PROGRAMMING PERSPECTIVE
• Sharon C
• Salveter David Maier
• PLANNING NATURAL LANGUAGE
• EXPRESSIONS REFERRING
• Douglas E
• Appelt
• THE TEXT SYSTEM
• NATURAL LANGUAGE GENERATION
• Kathleen R
• M
• MENTING A DATABASE
• KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION
• THE KEY TO THE SELECTION PROBLEM
• E
• Jeffrey Conklin David D
• McDonald
• A KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING
• NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING
• Stuart C
• Shapiro
• NATURAL LANGUAGE TEXTS
• NECESSARILY GRAMMATICAL
• EVEN COMPLETE
• UNGRAMHATICALITY
• EXTRA GRAMMATICALITY
• NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING SYSTEMS
• Taxonomy
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• Individuals in Natural
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• The Use of Ooject Special Knowledge
• Natural Language Processing
• Mark H
• Bursteln