TAILIEUCHUNG - RUBBER PRODUCTION IN LIBERIA: An Exploratory Assessment of Living and Working Conditions, with Special Attention to Forced Labor

However, disillusion with the limited success of smallholder-based efforts to improve productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa (Collier and Dercon 2009) and the apparent success of Brazil in establishing a vibrant agricultural sector based on much larger farms have led some countries to view the development of large- scale mechanized farming as the path to modernization of the sector. Such concerns are reinforced by evidence that, in India, farms are too small and under-mechanized and that consolidation of land holdings could result in significant increases in productivity while at the same time contribute to industrialization by releasing potentially large amounts of labor. | RUBBER PRODUCTION IN LIBERIA An Exploratory Assessment o f Living and Working C onditions with Special Attention to Forced Labor Funding for this report was provided by the United States Department of Labor under grant number IL177760875K. Points of view or opinions in this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the United States Department of Labor nor does the mention of trade names commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the United States Government. VERITÉ FAIR LABOR WORLDWIDE Table of Contents Background The Five Ps of Rubber Production in Liberia Place Product People Policies and Working Conditions in the Rubber Supply Chain in Methodology Research Methodology and Field Semi-Structured In-Depth Focus-Group Informant Research Labor Relations and Quotas Cash Benefits and Financial Working Hours and Forced Salary and Wage Threat of Child Dwellings Sanitation Education and Health and Social Security and Appendix 1 Early History and Legacy of War in Appendix 2 Guiding Questions for Field Appendix 3 Donor Assistance to Liberia Rubber Production in Liberia An Exploratory Assessment of Living and Working Conditions with Special Attention to Forced Labor 2 Abbreviations CBA - CIOL - COAWU - CPA - CSR - EITI - GAAWUL - GDP - ILO - ILRF - ITUC - LAC - LAWU - LCL - LEITI - LFF - LISGIS - LURD - MODEL - NESH - NPFL - NTGL - TWP - UNMIL - USAID - USD - WFP - Collective Bargaining Agreement Congress of Industrial Organizations of Liberia Cocopa .

• Lâm nghiệp
• Essential Oils
• Chiral and Nonchiral
• GC×GC TOFMS Analysis
• Natural Compounds
• Aggregation Pheromones
• Beetles Ips shangrila
• Handbook of essentional oils
• Sources of essential oils
• Production of essential oils
• Analysis of essential oil
• Safety evaluation of essential oils
• Biological activities of essential oils
• Aromatherapy with essential oils
• Industrial uses of essential oils
• Volatile terpenes
• Essential oils used in veterinary medicine
• Essential oil plants
• Major and minor components
• Bactericidal and Fungicidal activity
• Essential oils obtained
• Chemical composition
• Melicope pteleifolia
• Antibacterial activity
• Essential oil
• Antibacterial activities of essential oils
• Essential oils from fruits
• Antifungal activity
• Antifungal activity against
• Composition of essential oils
• Essential oils of Annona Aquamosa L
• Chemical composition of essential oils
• Annona Reticulata L
• Sắc ký khí phổi phổ liên hợp
• Synergistic effect
• Antimicrobial activity
• Nisplin essential oils emulsion
• Enhancement of shelf life
• Oral diseases
• Anticariogenic activity
• Medicinally important essential oils
• Antimicrobial activity of medicinally
• In vitro anticariogenic activities
• Eucalyptus citriodora
• Ocimum gratissimum
• Essential oils of eucalyptus citriodora
• Maize helminthosporiosis
• Feed additives
• Organic acids
• Essential oils and organic acids
• Feed additive in broiler chickens
• Escherichia coli
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
• Selected essential oils
• Luận án Tiến sĩ
• Rational exploitation
• Plant containg essential oils
• Conservation measures
• Plant oils
• Banana anthracnose
• Colletotrichum musae
• Disease reduction
• Herbicidal activity
• Tunisian Pinus radiata D Don
• Phytotoxic effects of essential oils
• The bactericidal activity
• To Aeromonas spp
• High mortality
• Aspergillus fumigatus
• Candida albicans
• Pathogenic fungi Candida albicans
• Essential oils from some plants
• Antioxidant activity
• Piper betle L
• Natural essential oils
• Comparison between QSAR simulation
• Natural sciences and technology
• The abies delaveyi franch subsp fansipanensis
• Branchs essential oil
• Abies delaveyi subsp fansipanensis
• Journal of Science and Technology
• Selective and efficient oxidation
• Constituents in essential oils
• Potassium permanganate supported copper
• Microwave irradiation and conventional heating
• Journal of Biotechnology
• Chemical composition and cytotoxic activity
• The essential oils of cymbopogon citratus L
• grown
• Phu Tho province
• The natural sources of anticancer agents
• Fumigant toxicity
• Allyl isothiocyanate
• A
• sativum
• B
• germanica
• Zataria multiflora
• Colon tumorigenesis
• Oxidative stress
• Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes
• The contents of 20 hydroxyecdysone
• Quercetin and essential oils in asteraceae species
• Growing in Tam Dao district
• Vinh Phuc province
• Pharmaceuticals and medicinal products
• Journal of law and criminal justice
• Antimicrobial activities of essential oils
• Antimicrobial activities of plant extracts
• Prime candidates for alternate sanitizers
• Plant extracts against common foodborne pathogens in vitro
• In vitro gas production
• Methane production
• Total mixed rations
• Invitro evaluation
• Herbs containing essential oils supplementation
• Digestibility of total mixed rations